When you scan a document you are taking a picture of it, which is why you need an extra Optical Character Reader step if you want to edit it. Your scanner has no idea that all you care about is the black type on the white background and it tries to acquire as much info as if you'd put the original of the Mona Lisa on the glass. You may have noticed if the document had a fold or wrinkle that you got a decent pic of all the shadows which it'll print in the most delicate greys. When it prints, the closest it'll go all on its own to your black and white original is grey-scale, and it'll put all the info from a few dozen (or more) shades of grey into your printer.
So do the poor machine a favour and tell it to ignore all but the black and white info as part of your scanning settings. OR, let it scan away as if it was full colour, but then don't print until you've used an image editor (GraphicConverter on the Mac is an old stand-by) to convert the scan to BW.
Resolution (that 330dpi) is just pixels per inch, and the higher the number the smoother and less jaggy the lines will be, but it won't make them any darker.
When you create a text document in Word™ or any other software, the only colour there is—unless you picked something else—is the default 100% black, so that's all the printer uses.