I have worked in the automotive industry for 20+ years now, and a line worker, as management, and now as a consultant and have seen first hand all sides of what is going on here. More than this, I have watched for years the events leading up to this crisis, and have seen the errors from all parties involved. I myself recommended change 10+ years ago, but being a small fish in a vast ocean, nobody wanted to listen to me, (and a bunch of my counterparts who were working with me at the time).
There are about 10 MAJOR factors, each as important as the other, that have lead to the downturn in the NORTH AMERICAN auto sector.
-Unrealistic Union demands for its employees
-Management who caved in to the unions demands (for decades)
-Years of substandard quality
-Poor product designs (and products that do not reflect what the customer wants)
-High gas prices
-Current economic situation
-The high Canadian $ (of a couple of years ago)
-Inferior 'perceived' quality (not that the quality of the vehicles is almost that of the Japanese)
-The inability to react quickly to market changes
For months now on TERB I have heard the debate 'It's management fault, it's the unions fault'. Both parties are equally guilty. I do not blame the union for wanting to get the most that it is able for it's employees,both in terms of compensation and job security. That is what a union does, that is their nature. The problem lies in the fact that the union uses scare/bully tactics that threaten to stifle the company if their demands are not met. For decades the unions have viewed the companies as a bottomless pit of money that can afford to cut into their profits to pay the worker far higher than the industry standard. When one is talking about billions of dollars of profit, sometimes the 'bottom line' becomes obscured.
Management (with regards to the union) on the other hand, has conceded with just about every demand the unions have made over the years. Largely, the company has been too worried the a strike WILL cut into the profits of the company. Neither the company or the union had the vision to see what would happen if there were to be a major downturn in the economy. Add to this that the pride of both the workers, the company and the union would never even consider the possibility that the Japanese manufacturers would be able to steal such a great amount of market share.
It is a well known fact that for many, many years the Japanese companies have been producing higher quality cars than the 'Big Three'. This is the fault of both management and the union. Standard lean manufacturing processes have been in place since the end of WWII, and were the processes that helped rebuild Japan from rubble. These processes are not a new thing, they have been around for 60 years now. The problem being the Japanese have been perfecting them for over half a century now, North Americans are just starting to learn the benefits in terms of both increase in quality, and cost reduction. These 'techniques' require substantial change from the employees, and in a nutshell require 'trimming the fat' off all manufacturing and business processes. This is a direct contradiction of what the unions have been fighting for, for close to a century. I challenge anyone to find a company that has 'fat' to show me that they are anywhere as competitive as a similar company which is 'lean'.
When the union and the company finally came to the conclusion that they were getting their asses kicked, and started implementing TPS (Toyota Production System), the quality quickly arose to that nearing the Japanese organizations. Keep in mind that the union has fought this change all the way, but finally understood that a concession had to be made in order for the companies to survive. Even though North Americans are now producing vehicles that have great quality, the consumer still has it in their mind that the quality is substandard based on years of inferior products being built. Million of dollars have been spent with only limited results trying to convince the customers that the quality has improved substantially. Ford even changed their slogan to 'Quality is job one' in a marketing attempt to persuade the customer.
Management has been designing cars that they believed the customers wanted, but this belief that they have held on to is still kicking back to the 1970's. If one takes G.M. for example and looks at their product lines they will see an interesting trend.
Hummer, Cadillac, Corvette, Buick, Impala, Camaro, Enclave, Grand Am, Grand Prix, Silverado, Sierra... Most of what they consider to be their 'premier' lines have large six or eight cylinder engines. The Japanese have long known that the 'average' consumer wants an affordable car, both in terms of price, and in operating costs. The big Three have been trying to 'force' choices on consumers that are not really wanted, and their tactic is to say 'save the jobs, keep the money in America'. To survive, there must be a huge line change, and designs created that leave the 'gas guzzling' products behind, and which focus more on Corolla, Civic type of performance and cost effectiveness.
When the high Canadian Dollar hit us, coupled with the high gas prices at the same time, Canada became is shitty place to do business. About 90% of the product built is sold south of the border. If one adds the cost of labor, the par Canadian $, and the transportation costs, Canada became the most expensive country in the world to produce a car. Thankfully the dollar went down, but the whole recession hit shortly afterward. We all know the effects of that.
We all know that the auto industry is now fighting for mere survival, and at the taxpayers hands as well. If there is one time in automotive history that it would be prudent for all parties to 'suck it up', that would be now. Unions need to know that stifling a company and fighting for obscene wages and benefits will put the entire company out of business, leaving unemployment for all of its members. The companies need to realize that they must build quality products, that are affordable to operate if they wish to survive. Both the company and the union must WORK TOGETHER to do this in the most cost effective way that they are able.
I say that if either side is not willing to make these concessions, let the companies sink. Fuck the union who wants it all, fuck the company who is not willing to change. I'll keep buying my quality Japanese product and sending my money out of the country. At least THEY know what I want, produce it at a cost I can afford, at a price I can maintain, and a design I find appealing.